Cientificamente falando...

[Tugax.]

Não te estás a referir há linha lateral dos peixes?

[Ghelthon]

Não te estás a referir há linha lateral dos peixes?

Não. Vou tentar procurar e depois meto aqui.

[Dominator]

Que eu saiba, fossetas existem nas serpentes (fossetas loreais/termossensoriais) ou a dos tubarões para sentir campos elétricos, por exemplo. Portanto calculo que essas dos crocodilos sejam semelhantes, para sentir vibrações na água neste caso.

Editado 16 Novembro 2012 por L1ght

[bmfpcdm]

Vegetative patient Scott Routley says 'I'm not in pain'

 

By Fergus Walsh

Medical correspondent

 

A Canadian man who was believed to have been in a vegetative state for more than a decade, has been able to tell scientists that he is not in any pain.

 

It's the first time an uncommunicative, severely brain-injured patient has been able to give answers clinically relevant to their care.

 

Scott Routley, 39, was asked questions while having his brain activity scanned in an fMRI machine.

 

His doctor says the discovery means medical textbooks will need rewriting.

 

Vegetative patients emerge from a coma into a condition where they have periods awake, with their eyes open, but have no perception of themselves or the outside world.

 

Mr Routley suffered a severe brain injury in a car accident 12 years ago.

 

None of his physical assessments since then have shown any sign of awareness, or ability to communicate.

 

But the British neuroscientist Prof Adrian Owen - who led the team at the Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario - said Mr Routley was clearly not vegetative.

 

"Scott has been able to show he has a conscious, thinking mind. We have scanned him several times and his pattern of brain activity shows he is clearly choosing to answer our questions. We believe he knows who and where he is."

 

Prof Owen said it was a groundbreaking moment.

 

"Asking a patient something important to them has been our aim for many years. In future we could ask what we could do to improve their quality of life. It could be simple things like the entertainment we provide or the times of day they are washed and fed."

 

Scott Routley's parents say they always thought he was conscious and could communicate by lifting a thumb or moving his eyes. But this has never been accepted by medical staff.

 

Prof Bryan Young at University Hospital, London - Mr Routley's neurologist for a decade - said the scan results overturned all the behavioural assessments that had been made over the years.

 

"I was impressed and amazed that he was able to show these cognitive responses. He had the clinical picture of a typical vegetative patient and showed no spontaneous movements that looked meaningful."

 

Observational assessments of Mr Routley since he responded in the scanner have continued to suggest he is vegetative. Prof Young said medical textbooks would need to be updated to include Prof Owen's techniques.

 

The BBC's Panorama programme followed several vegetative and minimally-conscious patients in Britain and Canada for more than a year.

 

Another Canadian patient, Steven Graham, was able to demonstrate that he had laid down new memories since his brain injury. Mr Graham answers yes when asked whether his sister has a daughter. His niece was born after his car accident five years ago.

 

The Panorama team also followed three patients at the Royal Hospital for Neuro-disability (RHN) in Putney, which specialises in the rehabilitation of brain-injured patients.

 

It collaborates with a team of Cambridge University neuroscientists at the Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre at Addenbrooke's hospital, Cambridge.

 

One of the patients is diagnosed as vegetative by the RHN, and he is also unable to show awareness in an fMRI machine.

 

A second patient, who was not able to be fully assessed by the RHN because of repeated sickness, is later shown to have some limited awareness in brain scans.

BBC News

[Kendrick Lmao]

 

 

Ou por outro lado, um animal cuja percepção temporal seja de uma duração de 200 em 200 anos, ou seja para ele o nosso "1segundo" era o mesmo do que "cada 200 anos" para nós. Seria praticamente impossivel darmos conta desta realidade

hyperbolic time chamber

 

K2Vnh2j8OME

Editado 18 Novembro 2012 por Barroso

[bmfpcdm]

Nose cell transplant enables paralysed dogs to walk

 

By Fergus Walsh

Medical correspondent

 

Scientists have reversed paralysis in dogs after injecting them with cells grown from the lining of their nose.

 

The pets had all suffered spinal injuries which prevented them from using their back legs.

 

The Cambridge University team is cautiously optimistic the technique could eventually have a role in the treatment of human patients.

 

The study is the first to test the transplant in "real-life" injuries rather than laboratory animals.

 

In the study, funded by the Medical Research Council and published in the neurology journal Brain, the dogs had olfactory ensheathing cells from the lining of their nose removed.

 

These were grown and expanded for several weeks in the laboratory.

 

Treadmill

 

Of 34 pet dogs on the proof of concept trial, 23 had the cells transplanted into the injury site - the rest were injected with a neutral fluid.

 

Many of the dogs that received the transplant showed considerable improvement and were able to walk on a treadmill with the support of a harness.

 

None of the control group regained use of its back legs.

 

The research was a collaboration between the MRC's Regenerative Medicine Centre and Cambridge University's Veterinary School.

 

Professor Robin Franklin, a regeneration biologist at the Wellcome Trust-MRC Stem Cell Institute and report co-author, said: 'Our findings are extremely exciting because they show for the first time that transplanting these types of cell into a severely damaged spinal cord can bring about significant improvement.

 

"We're confident that the technique might be able to restore at least a small amount of movement in human patients with spinal cord injuries but that's a long way from saying they might be able to regain all lost function. '

 

Prof Franklin said the procedure might be used alongside drug treatments to promote nerve fibre regeneration and bioengineering to substitute damaged neural networks.

 

Partial repair

 

The researchers say the transplanted cells regenerated nerve fibres across the damaged region of the spinal cord. This enabled the dogs to regain the use of their back legs and coordinate movement with their front limbs.

 

The new nerve connections did not occur over the long distances required to connect the brain to the spinal cord. The MRC scientists say in humans this would be vital for spinal injury patients who had lost sexual function and bowel and bladder control.

 

Prof Geoffrey Raisman, chair of Neural Regeneration at University College London, who discovered olfactory ensheathing cells in 1985 said: "This is not a cure for spinal cord injury in humans - that could still be a long way off. But this is the most encouraging advance for some years and is a significant step on the road towards it."

 

He said the clinical benefits were still limited: "This procedure has enabled an injured dog to step with its hind legs, but the much harder range of higher functions lost in spinal cord injury - hand function, bladder function, temperature regulation, for example - are yet more complicated and still a long way away."

 

Jasper, a 10-year-old dachshund, is one of the dogs which took part in the trial.

 

His owner May Hay told me: "Before the treatment we used to have to wheel Jasper round on a trolley because his back legs were useless. Now he whizzes around the house and garden and is able to keep up with the other dogs. It's wonderful."

 

Jasper can be seen in the video at the top of the page before and after his treatment.

BBC News

[Ghelthon]

 

Ou seja, 18360000000 km. Contando que todos os dias ouvimos falar de planetas a X anos-luz de nós, dá para ver que somos mesmo pequeninos. :lol:

Editado 28 Novembro 2012 por Ghelthon

[Dominator]

Hoje vai haver um eclipse lunar?

[Ghelthon]

Parece que sim. Editado 28 Novembro 2012 por Ghelthon

[Ghelthon]

 

Oh snap. :lol:

[Dominator]

:lol:

[antifa]

Morreu hoje Carl Woese, biologo que definiu o reino Archaea.

[bmfpcdm]

Mars meteorite 'Black Beauty' is in a class of its own

 

By Jonathan Amos

Science correspondent

 

A dark lump of rock found in the Moroccan desert in 2011 is a new type of Martian meteorite, say scientists.

 

Weighing 320g, the stone has been given the formal name Northwest Africa (NWA) 7034 - but is nicknamed "Black Beauty".

 

Its texture and chemistry set it apart from all previous objects picked up off the surface of Earth but known to originate on the Red Planet.

 

The researchers' analysis, reported in Science magazine, shows the meteorite to be just over two billion years old.

 

The study was led by Carl Agee from the University of New Mexico, US.

 

"It has some resemblance to the other Martian meteorites but it's also distinctly different in other respects," he told BBC News, "both in the way it just looks in hand sample, but also in its elemental composition."

 

There are just over 100 Martian meteorites currently in collections worldwide. They were all blasted off the Red Planet by some asteroid or cometary impact, and then spent millions of years travelling through space before falling to Earth.

 

Their discovery was mostly chance (few were seen in the act of falling) but their dark forms mean they will have caught the eye of meteorite hunters who scour desert sands and polar ice fields for rare rocks that can trade for tens of thousands of dollars.

 

Virtually all the Martian meteorites can be put in one of three classifications referred to as Shergotty, Nakhla, and Chassigny after key specimens. Scientists will often refer to these rocks simply as the SNC meteorites.

 

Prof Agee and colleagues argue that NWA 7034 now be put in its own class.

 

This rock is a basaltic breccia in character. It is made of a jumble of fragments that have been cemented back together in the high temperatures of a volcanic eruption. There are many examples of Moon meteorites that look this way, but no SNC ones.

 

Geochemically, NWA 7034 is dominated by alkali elements such as potassium and sodium. This is precisely what the robot rovers studying basalts down on the ground on Mars also see. This is not a trait seen in the SNC meteorites, interestingly.

 

Prof Agee's team also see much more water in the new meteorite - about 6,000 parts per million. That is about 10 times more water bound into the rock than is the case in the most water-rich SNC specimens.

 

This says something about the environment in which the rock formed, indicating there was a much greater abundance of water to interact with the basalt.

 

"This rock is from two billion years ago and a lot of the SNCs are from only about 200-400 million years ago," explained Prof Agee.

 

"And of course those most recent times on Mars have witnessed a cold, dry planet with a thin atmosphere. A lot of people believe that early Mars, on the other hand, was a lot warmer and a lot wetter, and maybe even a harbour for life.

 

"So, what happened in between? When did this transformation to drier conditions occur? Well, NWA 7034, because of its greater age, may be able to address those questions."

 

BBC News

[Ghelthon]

93% das pessoas que alguma vez viveram estão mortas.

 

E estima-se que metade dessas pessoas tenham morrido de malária.

 

[NIkeL]

Também vi esse vídeo ontem (aconselho o canal Vsauce, é fantástico) e fiquei boquiaberto. Não tinha noção que já tivesse morrido um número tão absurdo de pessoas devido a malária.

[45roma]

50%? :medinho:

 

O meu stor de Geografia disse que a cada tres segundos morre um africano de fome. Eu fiquei a pensar "E eu as vezes, recuso me de jantar, comida que nao gosto"

[htc]

Vsauce é fabuloso.

[El Shafto]

é suposto passares a comer coisas que não gostas só porque noutro sítio há gente a passar fome?

[htc]

50%? :medinho:/>

 

O meu stor de Geografia disse que a cada tres segundos morre um africano de fome. Eu fiquei a pensar "E eu as vezes, recuso me de jantar, comida que nao gosto"

:lol:

 

Manda a comida para África, pode ser que ainda chegue em condições.

[Ghelthon]

é suposto passares a comer coisas que não gostas só porque noutro sítio há gente a passar fome?

Não é suposto nem tens de comer, mas não há mal nenhum em pensar um bocadinho nisso dessa forma. Especialmente no que toca aos desperdícios.

[El Shafto]

Isso é conversa de pais para os filhos comerem os legumes.

[Pan]

Como se, por cada cenoura que comes, dessem um cenoura a uma crianca que passa fome..

[Ghelthon]

Mas ele não tem de se sentir culpado de nada, não será ele a mudar alguma coisa....

Como se, por cada cenoura que comes, dessem um cenoura a uma crianca que passa fome..

É claro que não é isso. É mais uma questão de dar valor ao que se tem.

[Pan]

Entao os pais que digam para eles comerem porque trabalharam duro para lhes por pao na mesa.

[Ghelthon]

 

And f*ck logic.